1 - AS 2360.0-1993 MEASUREMENT OF FLUID FLOW IN CLOSED CONDUITS - VOCABULARY AND SYMBOLS
4 - PREFACE
7 - 1 Scope
8 - 2 Symbols
10 - 3 Subscripts
10 - 4 General terms in fluid mechanics
10 - 4.1 flow-rate:
10 - 4.2 mean flow-rate:
10 - 4.3 velocity distribution:
10 - 4.4 flow profile:
10 - 4.5 swirling flow:
10 - 4.6 swirl angle,
10 - 4.7 mean axial fluid velocity,
10 - 4.8 non-dimensional [relative] velocity,
10 - 4.9 hydraulic diameter,
10 - 4.10 kinetic energy coefficient,
11 - 4.11 static pressure:
11 - 4.12 Dynamic pressure
11 - 4.13 total pressure:
11 - 4.14 stagnation pressure:
11 - 4.15 Reynolds number,
11 - 4.16 Mach number,
11 - 4.17 Strouhal number,
11 - 4.18 arithmetical mean deviation of the (roughness) profile
12 - 4.19 equivalent uniform roughness,
12 - 4.20 universal head loss coefficient,
12 - 4.21 friction velocity,
12 - 4.22 steady flow:
12 - 4.23 pulsating flow of mean constant flow-rate:
12 - 4.24 unsteady flow:
12 - 4.25 laminar flow:
12 - 4.26 turbulent flow:
12 - 4.27 fully rough turbulent flow:
12 - 4.28 transition flow:
12 - 4.29 Coanda effect:
12 - 4.30 Doppler effect:
12 - 4.31 ratio of the specific heat capacities,
12 - 4.32 isentropic exponent,
13 - 4.33 compressibility factor,
13 - 5 Uncertainties
13 - 5.1 average value,
13 - 5.2 sensitivity [influence] coefficient,
13 - 5.3 frequency distribution:
13 - 5.4 population:
13 - 5.5 sample:
13 - 5.6 true value:
13 - 5.7 number of degrees of freedom,
13 - 5.8 deviation:
13 - 5.9 experimental standard deviation,
14 - 5.10 experimental variance,
14 - 5.11 weight of measurement,
14 - 5.12 calibration:
14 - 5.13 normal distribution; Laplace-Gauss distribution
14 - 5.14 method of least squares:
14 - 5.15 regression:
14 - 5.16 (absolute) error of measurement:
14 - 5.17 outlier:
14 - 5.18 spurious errors:
14 - 5.19 random error:
14 - 5.20 systematic error:
14 - 5.21 elemental error:
15 - 5.22 standard error of estimate,
15 - 5.23 confidence limits:
15 - 5.24 confidence level:
15 - 5.25 Students distribution
15 - 5.26 uncertainty,
15 - 5.27 accuracy:
15 - 5.28 measurand:
16 - 6 General terms related to the devices
16 - 6.1 flowmeter:
16 - 6.2 meter tube:
16 - 6.3 primary device:
16 - 6.4 secondary device:
16 - 6.5 output signal:
16 - 6.6 calibration factor of the primary device:
16 - 6.7 maximum flow-rate:
16 - 6.8 minimum flow-rate:
16 - 6.9 flow-rate range:
16 - 6.10 transitional flow-rate:
16 - 6.11 nominal flow-rate:
17 - 6.12 full-scale flow-rate:
17 - 6.13 pressure loss
17 - 6.14 working conditions:
17 - 6.15 installation conditions:
17 - 6.16 straight length:
17 - 6.17 irregularity:
17 - 6.18 flow conditioner [straightener]:
17 - 6.19 swirl reducer:
17 - 6.20 flow stabilizer:
17 - 6.21 wall (pressure) tapping:
17 - 6.22 drain holes:
17 - 6.23 vent holes:
17 - 7 Differential pressure devices
17 - 7.1 differential pressure device:
17 - 7.2 primary device (of a differential pressure device)
17 - 7.3 orifice; throat
17 - 7.4 diameter ratio
17 - 7.5 Pressure tappings; pressure taps
18 - 7.6 piezometer ring:
18 - 7.7 carrier ring:
18 - 7.8 annular chamber:
18 - 7.9 orifice plate:
20 - 7.10 nozzle:
20 - 7.11 Venturi tube:
21 - 7.12 differential pressure,
21 - 7.13 differential pressure ratio,
21 - 7.14 pressure ratio,
21 - 7.15 acoustic ratio,
21 - 7.16 velocity of approach factor,
21 - 7.17 discharge coefficient,
21 - 7.18 flow coefficient,
21 - 7.19 expansibility [expansion] factor,
21 - 8 Critical flow measurement
21 - 8.1 critical flow:
22 - 8.2 critical flow function,
22 - 8.3 real gas critical flow coefficient,
22 - 8.4 critical pressure ratio:
22 - 8.5 sonic nozzle:
22 - 8.6 sonic [critical] Venturi nozzle:
22 - 9 Velocity-area methods
22 - 9.1 index of asymmetry,
23 - 9.2 points of mean axial fluid velocity:
23 - 9.3 peripheral flow-rate:
23 - 9.4 current-meter:
23 - 9.5 propeller-type current-meter:
23 - 9.6 self-compensating propeller:
23 - 9.7 spin test
23 - 9.8 yaw probe:
23 - 9.9 Pitot tube:
24 - 9.10 static pressure tapping:
24 - 9.11 total pressure tapping:
24 - 9.12 differential pressure
24 - 9.13 stationary array:
24 - 10 Tracer methods
24 - 10.1 dilution methods:
24 - 10.2 transit time method:
24 - 10.3 concentration of the tracer,
24 - 10.4 dilution ratio [rate],
24 - 10.5 injection cross-section [station]:
24 - 10.6 sampling cross- section [station]
24 - 10.7 measuring section:
24 - 10.8 mixing length:
24 - 10.9 time of passage of the tracer cloud:
24 - 10.10 counting rate:
24 - 11 Electromagnetic methods
24 - 11.1 electromagnetic flowmeter:
24 - 11.2 meter tube (of an electromagnetic flowmeter):
24 - 11.3 meter electrodes:
25 - 11.4 magnetic field:
25 - 11.5 electrode signal:
25 - 12 Weighing and volumetric methods
25 - 12.1 weighing method:
25 - 12.2 volumetric method:
25 - 12.3 diverter:
25 - 12.4 calibrated measuring [volumetric] tank:
25 - 12.5 buoyancy correction:
25 - 12.6 piston prover:
25 - 12.7 bell prover:
25 - 12.8 liquid displacement system:
25 - 12.9 soap-film burette:
25 - 12.10 ring balance:
29 - 13 Instability methods
29 - 13.1 fluidic flowmeter; nutating flowmeter:
29 - 13.2 vortex flowmeter:
29 - 13.3 wake oscillator:
30 - 13.4 bluff body:
30 - 14 Variable-area methods
30 - 14.1 constant-head meter:
30 - 14.2 variable-head meter:
30 - 14.3 cone-and- float meter:
32 - 14.4 orifice-and-plug meter:
32 - 14.5 cone-and-disc meter:
33 - 14.6 gate-type meter:
33 - 14.7 spring-loaded variable-head meter:
33 - 14.8 annular space:
33 - 14.9 float; sinker:
34 - 15 Ultrasonic methods
34 - 15.1 ultrasonic flowmeter:
34 - 15.2 primary device (of an ultrasonic flowmeter):
34 - 15.3 ultrasonic transducer:
34 - 15.4 clamp-on meter:
34 - 15.5 diagonal beam:
34 - 15.6 single-path diagonal-beam meter:
34 - 15.7 multi-path diagonal-beam meter:
34 - 15.8 time-of-flight ultrasonic meter; transit time meter
36 - 15.9 beam-deflection meter:
36 - 15.10 phase-shift meter:
36 - 15.11 Gaussian integration method:
36 - 15.12 leading edge:
36 - 15.13 sing around method:
36 - 15.14 acoustic matching layer:
36 - 16 Other methods
36 - 16.1 cross-correlation meter:
36 - 16.2 Doppler meter:
36 - 16.3 multichannel cross-correlation:
38 - 16.4 multiple- sensor cross- correlation:
38 - 16.5 turbine flowmeter:
38 - 17 Meters
38 - 17.1 Definitions applicable to all meters
38 - 17.2 Fluid meters
38 - 17.3 Water meters
38 - 17.4 Gas meters
38 - 17.5 inferential flowmeter: